Hip Flexor Pain: A Comprehensive Guide to Causes, Prevention, Treatment, and Recovery

Hip flexor pain is a common problem that can be caused by a variety of factors, including overuse, injury, and muscle imbalances. It can be a sharp, stabbing pain, or a dull, aching pain. The pain is usually located in the front of the hip and may radiate down the thigh. Hip flexor pain can make it difficult to walk, run, or sit for long periods of time.

There are a number of things you can do to prevent hip flexor pain, including stretching, strengthening, and warming up before exercise. If you do experience hip flexor pain, there are a number of things you can do to treat it, including rest, ice, heat, massage, and stretching. In some cases, your doctor may recommend medication or surgery to treat hip flexor pain.

Once your hip flexor pain has subsided, it is important to follow a rehabilitation program to help you regain full function and prevent future pain. Your rehabilitation program may include stretching, strengthening, proprioceptive exercises, and a gradual return to activity.

1. What is Hip Flexor Pain?

Hip flexor pain is pain in the front of the hip that can be caused by a variety of factors, including overuse, injury, and muscle imbalances. It can be a sharp, stabbing pain, or a dull, aching pain. The pain is usually located in the front of the hip and may radiate down the thigh.

Hip flexor pain is a common problem, especially among athletes and people who do a lot of physical activity. It can also be caused by sitting for long periods of time, such as at a desk job. In most cases, hip flexor pain is not serious and will go away with rest and treatment. However, if the pain is severe or does not improve with home treatment, it is important to see a doctor to rule out any underlying medical conditions.

There are a number of things that can cause hip flexor pain, including:

• Overuse: Hip flexor pain is often caused by overuse, such as from running, jumping, or cycling. This can put strain on the hip flexor muscles and cause them to become inflamed.
• Injury: Hip flexor pain can also be caused by an injury, such as a fall or a direct blow to the hip. This can damage the hip flexor muscles or tendons and cause pain.
• Muscle imbalances: Muscle imbalances can also lead to hip flexor pain. For example, if the hip flexor muscles are weak compared to the hip extensor muscles, this can put strain on the hip flexors and cause pain.

Causes of Hip Flexor Pain

Hip flexor pain can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Overuse: Hip flexor pain is often caused by overuse, such as from running, jumping, or cycling. This can put strain on the hip flexor muscles and cause them to become inflamed. Overuse injuries are common in athletes and people who do a lot of physical activity.
• Injury: Hip flexor pain can also be caused by an injury, such as a fall or a direct blow to the hip. This can damage the hip flexor muscles or tendons and cause pain. Hip flexor injuries can also be caused by sudden, forceful movements, such as sprinting or jumping.
• Muscle imbalances: Muscle imbalances can also lead to hip flexor pain. For example, if the hip flexor muscles are weak compared to the hip extensor muscles, this can put strain on the hip flexors and cause pain. Muscle imbalances can be caused by a variety of factors, such as poor posture, improper training techniques, or a sedentary lifestyle.
• Other causes: Hip flexor pain can also be caused by other factors, such as arthritis, pregnancy, or certain medical conditions. Arthritis is a condition that causes inflammation of the joints, and it can affect the hip joint and cause pain. Pregnancy can also cause hip flexor pain, due to the increased weight and strain on the hip joints. Certain medical conditions, such as nerve damage or spinal stenosis, can also cause hip flexor pain.

Symptoms of Hip Flexor Pain

The symptoms of hip flexor pain can vary depending on the severity of the injury. Some common symptoms include:

• Pain in the front of the hip: This is the most common symptom of hip flexor pain. The pain may be sharp or dull, and it may worsen with activity.
• Pain that radiates down the thigh: In some cases, hip flexor pain may radiate down the thigh, towards the knee. This is because the hip flexor muscles are connected to the thigh bones.
• Stiffness in the hip: Hip flexor pain can also cause stiffness in the hip, making it difficult to move the leg. This stiffness may be worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
• Weakness in the hip: In severe cases, hip flexor pain can cause weakness in the hip. This can make it difficult to walk, run, or climb stairs.
• Tenderness to the touch: The hip flexor muscles may be tender to the touch, especially if the pain is caused by an injury.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor to rule out any underlying medical conditions and to get the appropriate treatment.

Diagnosis of Hip Flexor Pain

Your doctor will likely diagnose hip flexor pain based on your symptoms and a physical examination. They will ask you about your symptoms, including when they started, what makes them worse or better, and if you have any other symptoms. Your doctor will also perform a physical examination to check for tenderness, swelling, and range of motion in your hip.

In some cases, your doctor may order imaging tests, such as an X-ray or MRI, to rule out other conditions. X-rays can show bones and joints, while MRIs can show muscles, tendons, and ligaments. These tests can help your doctor to determine the cause of your hip flexor pain and to develop the best treatment plan.

Other tests that your doctor may order include:

• Nerve conduction studies: These tests can measure the electrical activity of your nerves. They can help your doctor to determine if nerve damage is causing your hip flexor pain.
• Electromyography (EMG): This test can measure the electrical activity of your muscles. It can help your doctor to determine if muscle damage is causing your hip flexor pain.

2. How to Prevent Hip Flexor Pain

There are a number of things you can do to prevent hip flexor pain, including:

• Stretching: Stretching the hip flexor muscles can help to improve their flexibility and range of motion, which can help to prevent pain. Some good stretches for the hip flexors include the kneeling hip flexor stretch, the standing quad stretch, and the seated butterfly stretch.
• Strengthening: Strengthening the hip flexor muscles can help to improve their strength and stability, which can also help to prevent pain. Some good exercises for strengthening the hip flexors include the hip flexor bridge, the kneeling hip flexor curl, and the standing hip flexor raise.
• Warm-up: Warming up before exercise can help to prepare the hip flexor muscles for activity and reduce the risk of injury. A good warm-up for the hip flexors includes 5-10 minutes of light cardio, such as walking or jogging, followed by some dynamic stretches, such as leg swings and hip circles.
• Cool-down: Cooling down after exercise can help to reduce muscle soreness and stiffness, which can help to prevent pain. A good cool-down for the hip flexors includes 5-10 minutes of light cardio, followed by some static stretches, such as the kneeling hip flexor stretch and the standing quad stretch.

Stretching

Stretching your hip flexors can help to improve their flexibility and range of motion, which can help to prevent pain. Some good stretches for the hip flexors include:

• Kneeling hip flexor stretch: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Lean forward and place your hands on the floor in front of you. Keeping your right knee on the ground, slide your left leg back until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Standing quad stretch: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Bend your right knee and grab your right foot with your right hand. Pull your heel towards your buttocks until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Seated butterfly stretch: Sit on the floor with the soles of your feet together and your knees bent. Gently press your knees down towards the floor until you feel a stretch in your hip flexors. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.

Strengthening

Strengthening your hip flexors can help to improve their strength and stability, which can also help to prevent pain. Some good exercises for strengthening the hip flexors include:

• Hip flexor bridge: Lie on your back with your knees bent and your feet flat on the floor. Lift your hips up off the ground until your body forms a straight line from your shoulders to your knees. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times.
• Kneeling hip flexor curl: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Hold a weight in your right hand and place your left hand on the floor for support. Bend your right knee and curl the weight up towards your chest. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower the weight back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each side.
• Standing hip flexor raise: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Hold a weight in each hand and let your arms hang down at your sides. Bend your knees slightly and lift your right leg up in front of you, keeping your knee bent. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower your leg back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each side.

Warm-up

Warming up before exercise can help to prepare your hip flexors for activity and reduce your risk of injury. A good warm-up for the hip flexors includes 5-10 minutes of light cardio, such as walking or jogging, followed by some dynamic stretches, such as leg swings and hip circles.

Light cardio helps to increase blood flow to the hip flexors and prepare them for activity. Dynamic stretches help to improve the range of motion in the hip flexors and reduce the risk of injury. Some good dynamic stretches for the hip flexors include:

• Leg swings: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Swing your right leg forward and back, then side to side. Repeat on the other side.
• Hip circles: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Swing your hips in a clockwise circle, then in a counter-clockwise circle.

Cool-down

Cooling down after exercise can help to reduce muscle soreness and stiffness, which can help to prevent pain. A good cool-down for the hip flexors includes 5-10 minutes of light cardio, followed by some static stretches, such as the kneeling hip flexor stretch and the standing quad stretch.

Light cardio helps to reduce blood flow to the hip flexors and promote relaxation. Static stretches help to improve the flexibility of the hip flexors and reduce muscle soreness and stiffness. Some good static stretches for the hip flexors include:

• Kneeling hip flexor stretch: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Lean forward and place your hands on the floor in front of you. Keeping your right knee on the ground, slide your left leg back until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Standing quad stretch: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Bend your right knee and grab your right foot with your right hand. Pull your heel towards your buttocks until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.

3. How to Treat Hip Flexor Pain

If you do experience hip flexor pain, there are a number of things you can do to treat it, including:

• Rest: Resting your hip flexors can help to reduce pain and inflammation. Avoid activities that aggravate your pain, and try to keep your weight off of your affected leg as much as possible.
• Ice: Applying ice to your hip flexors can help to reduce pain and swelling. Ice your hip flexors for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day.
• Heat: Applying heat to your hip flexors can help to relax muscles and relieve pain. Heat your hip flexors for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day.
• Massage: Massaging your hip flexors can help to improve circulation and reduce muscle tension. Massage your hip flexors for 5-10 minutes at a time, several times a day.
• Stretching: Stretching your hip flexors can help to improve their flexibility and range of motion, which can help to reduce pain. Some good stretches for the hip flexors include the kneeling hip flexor stretch, the standing quad stretch, and the seated butterfly stretch.
• Strengthening: Strengthening your hip flexors can help to improve their strength and stability, which can also help to reduce pain. Some good exercises for strengthening the hip flexors include the hip flexor bridge, the kneeling hip flexor curl, and the standing hip flexor raise.

Rest

Resting your hip flexors can help to reduce pain and inflammation. This means avoiding activities that aggravate your pain, and keeping your weight off of your affected leg as much as possible. You may need to use crutches or a cane to help you walk.

Here are some tips for resting your hip flexors:

• Avoid sitting or standing for long periods of time.
• When you are sitting, keep your feet elevated on a footrest or ottoman.
• When you are sleeping, sleep on your back with a pillow between your knees.
• Avoid activities that involve running, jumping, or climbing stairs.
• If you have to walk, use a cane or crutches to help you.

Resting your hip flexors can help to reduce pain and inflammation, and promote healing. However, it is important to note that resting for too long can lead to muscle atrophy and weakness. Therefore, it is important to rest your hip flexors for as long as necessary, but no longer.

Ice

Applying ice to your hip flexors can help to reduce pain and swelling. Ice can help to numb the area and reduce inflammation. It is important to apply ice for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day. You can use an ice pack, a bag of frozen peas, or even a cold compress.

To apply ice to your hip flexors:

1. Wrap the ice pack in a towel or cloth.
2. Place the ice pack on your hip flexors.
3. Apply pressure to the ice pack for 15-20 minutes.
4. Repeat several times a day.

Icing your hip flexors can be an effective way to reduce pain and swelling. However, it is important to avoid applying ice directly to your skin, as this can cause frostbite. It is also important to avoid icing for too long, as this can damage your skin and underlying tissues.

Heat

Applying heat to your hip flexors can help to relax muscles and relieve pain. Heat can help to increase blood flow to the area and promote healing. It is important to apply heat for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day. You can use a heating pad, a hot water bottle, or even a warm bath.

To apply heat to your hip flexors:

1. Place a heating pad or hot water bottle on your hip flexors.
2. Apply pressure to the heating pad or hot water bottle for 15-20 minutes.
3. Repeat several times a day.

You can also take a warm bath to help relieve hip flexor pain. To take a warm bath:

1. Fill a bathtub with warm water.
2. Add some Epsom salts to the water.
3. Soak in the bath for 15-20 minutes.

Applying heat to your hip flexors can be an effective way to relax muscles and relieve pain. However, it is important to avoid applying heat directly to your skin, as this can cause burns. It is also important to avoid applying heat for too long, as this can damage your skin and underlying tissues.

Massage

Massaging your hip flexors can help to improve circulation and reduce muscle tension. This can help to relieve pain and promote healing. You can massage your hip flexors yourself, or you can ask a massage therapist to do it for you.

To massage your hip flexors yourself:

1. Sit on the floor with your legs extended in front of you.
2. Place your hands on your hip flexors, just below your hip bones.
3. Apply pressure to your hip flexors and move your hands in a circular motion.
4. Continue massaging for 5-10 minutes.

You can also use a foam roller to massage your hip flexors. To do this:

1. Place the foam roller on the floor.
2. Sit on the foam roller with your hip flexors resting on the roller.
3. Roll back and forth on the foam roller, applying pressure to your hip flexors.
4. Continue rolling for 5-10 minutes.

Massaging your hip flexors can be an effective way to relieve pain and promote healing. However, it is important to avoid massaging your hip flexors too vigorously, as this can cause further injury.

Stretching

Stretching your hip flexors can help to improve their flexibility and range of motion, which can help to reduce pain. Some good stretches for the hip flexors include:

• Kneeling hip flexor stretch: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Lean forward and place your hands on the floor in front of you. Keeping your right knee on the ground, slide your left leg back until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Standing quad stretch: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Bend your right knee and grab your right foot with your right hand. Pull your heel towards your buttocks until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Seated butterfly stretch: Sit on the floor with the soles of your feet together and your knees bent. Gently press your knees down towards the floor until you feel a stretch in your hip flexors. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.

Strengthening

Strengthening your hip flexors can help to improve their strength and stability, which can also help to reduce pain. Some good exercises for strengthening the hip flexors include:

• Hip flexor bridge: Lie on your back with your knees bent and your feet flat on the floor. Lift your hips up off the ground until your body forms a straight line from your shoulders to your knees. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times.
• Kneeling hip flexor curl: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Hold a weight in your right hand and place your left hand on the floor for support. Bend your right knee and curl the weight up towards your chest. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower the weight back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each side.
• Standing hip flexor raise: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Hold a weight in each hand and let your arms hang down at your sides. Bend your knees slightly and lift your right leg up in front of you, keeping your knee bent. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower your leg back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each side.

Medication

In some cases, your doctor may recommend medication to help relieve hip flexor pain. This may include over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, or prescription pain medication. Your doctor may also recommend corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation in the hip flexor muscles. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair a damaged hip flexor muscle.

Surgery

In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to treat hip flexor pain. This may be necessary if the pain is severe and does not respond to other treatments, or if the hip flexor muscle is torn or ruptured. Surgery can involve repairing the damaged muscle, or releasing the tension on the hip flexor muscle. Surgery is a major undertaking, and it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before making a decision.

4. How to Recover from Hip Flexor Pain

Once your hip flexor pain has subsided, it is important to follow a rehabilitation program to help you regain full function and prevent future pain. Your rehabilitation program may include:

• Stretching: Stretching your hip flexors can help to improve their flexibility and range of motion, which can help to prevent future pain. Some good stretches for the hip flexors include the kneeling hip flexor stretch, the standing quad stretch, and the seated butterfly stretch.
• Strengthening: Strengthening your hip flexors can help to improve their strength and stability, which can also help to prevent future pain. Some good exercises for strengthening the hip flexors include the hip flexor bridge, the kneeling hip flexor curl, and the standing hip flexor raise.
• Proprioceptive exercises: Proprioceptive exercises can help to improve your balance and coordination, which can help to prevent future injuries. Some good proprioceptive exercises for the hip flexors include single-leg squats, lunges, and balance exercises.
• Gradual return to activity: It is important to gradually return to activity after hip flexor pain to avoid re-injury. Start by doing activities that do not aggravate your pain, and gradually increase the intensity and duration of your activities over time.

Stretching

Stretching your hip flexors can help to improve their flexibility and range of motion, which can help to prevent future pain. Some good stretches for the hip flexors include:

• Kneeling hip flexor stretch: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Lean forward and place your hands on the floor in front of you. Keeping your right knee on the ground, slide your left leg back until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Standing quad stretch: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Bend your right knee and grab your right foot with your right hand. Pull your heel towards your buttocks until you feel a stretch in your right hip flexor. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
• Seated butterfly stretch: Sit on the floor with the soles of your feet together and your knees bent. Gently press your knees down towards the floor until you feel a stretch in your hip flexors. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.

Strengthening

Strengthening your hip flexors can help to improve their strength and stability, which can also help to prevent future pain. Some good exercises for strengthening the hip flexors include:

• Hip flexor bridge: Lie on your back with your knees bent and your feet flat on the floor. Lift your hips up off the ground until your body forms a straight line from your shoulders to your knees. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times.
• Kneeling hip flexor curl: Kneel on your right knee, with your left foot flat on the floor in front of you. Hold a weight in your right hand and place your left hand on the floor for support. Bend your right knee and curl the weight up towards your chest. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower the weight back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each side.
• Standing hip flexor raise: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Hold a weight in each hand and let your arms hang down at your sides. Bend your knees slightly and lift your right leg up in front of you, keeping your knee bent. Hold the position for a few seconds, then lower your leg back down to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each side.

Proprioceptive exercises

Proprioceptive exercises can help to improve your balance and coordination, which can help to prevent future injuries. Some good proprioceptive exercises for the hip flexors include:

• Single-leg squats: Stand on your right leg and bend your knee, lowering your body down until your thigh is parallel to the floor. Hold the position for a few seconds, then return to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each leg.
• Lunges: Step forward with your right leg and bend both knees, lowering your body until your right thigh is parallel to the floor and your right knee is directly above your ankle. Hold the position for a few seconds, then return to the starting position. Repeat 10-15 times on each leg.
• Balance exercises: Stand on one leg and hold the position for 30 seconds. Repeat on the other leg. You can also try standing on a balance board or wobble cushion to challenge your balance.

Gradual return to activity

It is important to gradually return to activity after hip flexor pain to avoid re-injury. Start by doing activities that do not aggravate your pain, and gradually increase the intensity and duration of your activities over time. For example, you might start by walking for short periods of time, and then gradually increase the distance and speed of your walks. You can also try swimming or biking, which are low-impact activities that can help to strengthen your hip flexors without putting too much stress on them.

It is also important to listen to your body and rest when you need to. If you experience any pain or discomfort, stop the activity and rest. Trying to push through pain can lead to further injury.

5. Additional Resources

Here are some additional resources that you may find helpful:

• The Prehab Guys’ Hip Flexor Pain Guide: This guide provides a more in-depth look at hip flexor pain, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.
• The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons’ Hip Flexor Pain Guide: This guide provides information on hip flexor pain, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.
• The National Institute of Health’s Hip Flexor Pain Guide: This guide provides information on hip flexor pain, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.

The Prehab Guys’ Hip Flexor Pain Guide

The Prehab Guys’ Hip Flexor Pain Guide provides a comprehensive overview of hip flexor pain, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. The guide is written in a clear and concise manner, and it is packed with helpful information for anyone who is suffering from hip flexor pain.

The guide begins by discussing the anatomy of the hip flexors and the common causes of hip flexor pain. It then provides a detailed description of the symptoms of hip flexor pain, including pain in the front of the hip, groin pain, and difficulty walking or running. The guide also discusses the importance of getting a proper diagnosis for hip flexor pain, as this will help to ensure that you receive the correct treatment.

The guide then provides a comprehensive overview of the different treatment options for hip flexor pain. These treatments include rest, ice, heat, massage, stretching, strengthening exercises, and medication. The guide also discusses the importance of following a gradual rehabilitation program after hip flexor pain to help prevent future pain and injury.

The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons’ Hip Flexor Pain Guide

The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons’ (AAOS) Hip Flexor Pain Guide is a comprehensive resource for information on hip flexor pain. The guide provides a detailed overview of the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of hip flexor pain. It is written in a clear and concise manner, and it is packed with helpful information for anyone who is suffering from hip flexor pain.

The guide begins by discussing the anatomy of the hip flexors and the common causes of hip flexor pain. It then provides a detailed description of the symptoms of hip flexor pain, including pain in the front of the hip, groin pain, and difficulty walking or running. The guide also discusses the importance of getting a proper diagnosis for hip flexor pain, as this will help to ensure that you receive the correct treatment.

The guide then provides a comprehensive overview of the different treatment options for hip flexor pain. These treatments include rest, ice, heat, massage, stretching, strengthening exercises, and medication. The guide also discusses the importance of following a gradual rehabilitation program after hip flexor pain to help prevent future pain and injury.

The National Institute of Health’s Hip Flexor Pain Guide

The National Institute of Health’s (NIH) Hip Flexor Pain Guide is a comprehensive resource for information on hip flexor pain. The guide provides a detailed overview of the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of hip flexor pain. It is written in a clear and concise manner, and it is packed with helpful information for anyone who is suffering from hip flexor pain.

The guide begins by discussing the anatomy of the hip flexors and the common causes of hip flexor pain. It then provides a detailed description of the symptoms of hip flexor pain, including pain in the front of the hip, groin pain, and difficulty walking or running. The guide also discusses the importance of getting a proper diagnosis for hip flexor pain, as this will help to ensure that you receive the correct treatment.

The guide then provides a comprehensive overview of the different treatment options for hip flexor pain. These treatments include rest, ice, heat, massage, stretching, strengthening exercises, and medication. The guide also discusses the importance of following a gradual rehabilitation program after hip flexor pain to help prevent future pain and injury.

Quiz

Multiple Choice

1. What is the most common cause of hip flexor pain?

(a) Overuse (b) Injury (c) Muscle imbalances (d) Arthritis

1. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hip flexor pain?

(a) Pain in the front of the hip (b) Pain that radiates down the thigh (c) Stiffness in the hip (d) Weakness in the leg

1. What is the best way to prevent hip flexor pain?

(a) Stretching (b) Strengthening (c) Warming up before exercise (d) All of the above

True/False

1. Hip flexor pain is always caused by a serious underlying medical condition.
2. Rest is an effective treatment for hip flexor pain.
3. Surgery is rarely necessary to treat hip flexor pain.

Answer Key

Multiple Choice

1. (a) Overuse
2. (d) Weakness in the leg
3. (d) All of the above

True/False

1. False
2. True
3. True